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A. proof 用于证明某件事是真实的，即"证明"：
I believe what you say; I don"t need any proof.
我相信你所说的话；我不需要任何证明。
Have you got any proof that you own this car?
你有任何证据证明你是这辆车的主人吗？
We still have no proof that he is innocent.
你们仍然没有证明他清白的证据。
As a proof of his love, he spent all his money on a ring for her.
作为他爱情的证明，他把自己所有的钱用来给她买了一只戒指。
scientific proof 科学证明；a proof of carelessness 粗心的证明
B. evidence 多用于指法律方面的"证据"；另外还表示迹象 (sign, indication)"，这时常用于there is (some) evidence that…的结构：
My teacher was never called on to give evidence.
没有叫我的老师作证。
Have you enough evidence(of his guilt) to arrest him?
你有足够的罪证来逮捕他吗？
The supposed murder weapon was produced in evidence at his trial.
那件被疑为杀人凶器的东西在他的审判会上被作为证据出示。
Anything you say may be used in evidence against you.
你说的任何话都可能被用作对你不利的证据。
When the police arrived, he had already destroyed the evidence of his guilt.
警察到的时候他已经把他的罪证销毁了
There is some evidence that dishonesty may ebb and flow.
有迹象表明，不诚实行为可能有起有伏。
There is evidence that high school cheating may be on the rise.
有迹象表明，中学生作弊可能正在上升。
There was some evidence that the documents had been tampered with.
有迹象表明，这些文件已经被篡改过
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