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During the period 1865-1937 issues ofeconomic regulation domi-nated the Courts docket.The shift in emphasis from federalism to
economic regulation was brought on by a growing number ofnational and state laws aimed at monitoring business activities.As such laws in-creased,so did the number ofcases challenging their constitutionality.Early in this period the Courts position on regulation was mixed,but by the 1920s the bench had become quite hostile toward government regulatory policy.Federal regulations were generally overturned on theground that they were unsupported by constitutional grants ofpower toCongress,whereas state laws were thrown out mainly as violations of economic rights protected by the Fourteenth Amendment.
Since 1937 the Supreme Court has focused on civil liberties concerns in particular,the constitutional guar-antees offreedom ofexpression and freedom ofreligion.In addition,an increasing number ofcases have dealt with procedural rights of criminal de-fendants.Finally,the Court has decid-ed a great number of cases concerning equal treatment by the government of racial minorities and other disadvan-taged groups.
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